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Canada

North America · 38 million

About Canada

Canada is a sovereign country located in North America, specifically within the North America subregion. Its capital and largest urban centre is Ottawa, and the country is home to approximately 41.7 million people. In its native languages, the country is known as “Canada”, “Canada”. English and French are recognised as official or widely-spoken languages, shaping daily communication, education, government, and media throughout Canada. The official currency in circulation is the Canadian dollar ($), used for all domestic transactions and price-tagged goods. Canada is widely recognised for maple syrup, ice hockey and the Rocky Mountains. People from Canada are referred to as Canadian.

Geography & climate

Canada covers approximately 9.98 million km² of territory, making it one of the largest countries in the world by land area. It shares a single land border with one neighbouring country, a geographic fact that has shaped its history, trade routes, and cultural exchange. Geographically, Canada sits in the Northern and Western Hemisphere, at roughly 60.0° N, 95.0° W. Because of its size and geography, the country spans 6 time zones, ranging from UTC-08:00 in the west to UTC-03:30 in the east — a logistical consideration for travel, broadcasting, and commerce. The prevailing climate of Canada can be summarised as: boreal forest & tundra with cold winters, mild summers. Local weather patterns naturally vary by altitude, latitude, and proximity to oceans or mountain ranges.

People, language & society

With roughly 41.7 million inhabitants, Canada is a country of significant population size. Linguistic life is plural here: English and French are all in active use, with regional and minority tongues often adding further variety. Citizens are formally known in English as Canadian, a demonym that appears in passports, official documents, and international reporting. Economically, the Canadian dollar ($) is the medium of exchange used by households and businesses, with exchange rates monitored by the country's central monetary authority.

Quick facts at a glance

Practical travel & daily-life info

Visitors planning a trip to Canada should familiarise themselves with the capital, Ottawa, the relevant local time zone for their destination, the local currency (Canadian dollar). The international dialling prefix is +1, which is required when phoning a Canada number from abroad. Vehicles drive on the right side of the road, an important detail for anyone renting a car or crossing a land border by vehicle. The country's top-level internet domain is .ca, used by local businesses, government sites, and many news organisations. The working week traditionally starts on Sunday, which affects business hours, banking, and public holidays.

Government & global standing

Canada is recognised internationally as a sovereign, independent state. It is a member state of the United Nations, participating in the General Assembly and various specialised UN agencies. On the global stage, Canada is generally classified within the North America region and more specifically the North America subregion, alongside neighbouring states with shared geographic, historical, or economic ties.

Bordering countries

Canada shares land borders with 1 country. Click any neighbour to read about it:

Did you know?

Over 2 million lakes hold about 20% of the world's entire fresh surface water — more than every other nation combined.

Canada in the GlobeIQ atlas

Inside the GlobeIQ game, Canada appears as an easier opening puzzle for new players. When the daily puzzle selects this country, players progressively unlock six hints — silhouette, climate and terrain, number of land borders, region, "known for" tagline, and finally the capital city — before a flag reveal confirms the answer. On its trophy card, Canada carries the personality tags “🍁 Maple Nation” and “🏒 Hockey Homeland”, short flavour labels chosen to evoke the country's most recognisable cultural signatures. Adding Canada to your personal atlas is one of 195 small wins on the road to a complete world map. Each correctly guessed nation also contributes to your running streak and unlocks milestone celebrations at 10, 25, 50, 100, and 150 collected countries.

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